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Presence
Current · Arkansas
Last published
2024
Sources
OpenAlex · ORCID
Refreshed
2026-10-06
P
Paul C. Howard
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Also affiliated: Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (2005); United States Department of Health and Human Services (2006); Agricultural Research Service (2001); United States Food and Drug Administration (1981–2024); United States Department of Agriculture (2001); University of Pittsburgh (1994); Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy (2009); The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute (1986); United States Public Health Service (2000); The Ohio State University (1986); Case Western Reserve University (1984–1998); University of Regensburg (2006)
50 h-index
152 pubs
7,453 cited
Research Areas
Biomedical Subjects
Biography and Research Information
OverviewAI-generated summary
Paul C. Howard's research focuses on the toxicological evaluation of substances, including nanomaterials and food contaminants. He has investigated the carcinogenicity of fumonisins in rodent models, examining effects on the liver and kidneys. His work also includes evaluating the dermal penetration of nanoparticles found in sunscreen formulations and the mechanistic toxicity of carbon nanotubes in neuronal cells.
Howard's research portfolio extends to the safety of consumer products and natural compounds. He has contributed to understanding the occurrence, metabolism, and toxicity of triclosan, an antimicrobial agent. Additionally, his work has addressed the safety and regulation of natural products used in food and as food ingredients. He has also explored the medical and toxicological aspects of tattooing.
With a career marked by extensive publication, Howard has an h-index of 49 and has authored over 204 publications with more than 7,500 citations. He has collaborated with researchers at the National Center for Toxicological Research, including Matthew Bryant, Sherry M. Lewis, Shu-Chieh Hu, and Hyun-Ki Kang, on multiple projects.
Metrics
- h-index: 50
- Publications: 152
- Citations: 7,453
Selected Publications
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Pharmacokinetic analysis of nicotine and its metabolites (cotinine and trans-3′-hydroxycotinine) in male Sprague-Dawley rats following nose-only inhalation, oral gavage, and intravenous infusion of nicotine (2024)
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90-day nose-only inhalation toxicity study of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) in Sprague-Dawley rats (2021)
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14-Day Nose-Only Inhalation Toxicity and Haber’s Rule Study of NNK in Sprague-Dawley Rats (2021)
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Toxicokinetic and Genotoxicity Study of NNK in Male Sprague Dawley Rats Following Nose-Only Inhalation Exposure, Intraperitoneal Injection, and Oral Gavage (2021)
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Finding the bad actor: Challenges in identifying toxic constituents in botanical dietary supplements (2018)
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Electron microscopy techniques employed to explore mitochondrial defects in the developing rat brain following ketamine treatment (2018)
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Microbiological survey of commercial tattoo and permanent makeup inks available in the United States (2018)
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Investigating the Susceptibility of Mice to a Bacterial Challenge After Intravenous Exposure to Durable Nanoparticles (2017)
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Evaluating the potential of gold, silver, and silica nanoparticles to saturate mononuclear phagocytic system tissues under repeat dosing conditions (2017)
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Photo‐co‐carcinogenesis of Topically Applied Retinyl Palmitate in SKH‐1 Hairless Mice (2017)
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FDA drug labeling: rich resources to facilitate precision medicine, drug safety, and regulatory science (2016)
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Repetitive Application of Sunscreen Containing Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on Human Skin (2016)
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Serial Block Face-Scanning Electron Microscopy of the Developing Rat Brain Exposed to Ketamine Reveals Changes in Mitochondrial Ultrastructure (2015)
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Detection and Characterization of SiO 2 and TiO 2 Nanostructures in Dietary Supplements (2015)
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Effects of iron oxide nanoparticles on biological responses and MR imaging properties in human mammary healthy and breast cancer epithelial cells (2015)
Collaboration Network
Top Collaborators
Letha H. Couch
National Center for Toxicological Research (US)
14 shared publications
- Formation of N-(Carboxymethyl)fumonisin B1, Following the Reaction of Fumonisin B1 with Reducing Sugars
- Photodecomposition of Pigment Yellow 74, a Pigment Used in Tattoo Inks¶
- Response of mouse skin to tattooing: use of SKH-1 mice as a surrogate model for human tattooing
- Fumonisin B1 induces apoptosis in cultured human keratinocytes through sphinganine accumulation and ceramide depletion.
- Identification of Ceramides in Human Cells Using Liquid Chromatography with detection by Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization-Mass Spectrometry
Showing 5 of 14 shared publications
Peter P. Fu
National Center for Toxicological Research (US)
12 shared publications
- Photodecomposition and Phototoxicity of Natural Retinoids
- UVA photoirradiation of retinyl palmitate—Formation of singlet oxygen and superoxide, and their role in induction of lipid peroxidation
- Photodecomposition of Retinyl Palmitate in Ethanol by UVA LightFormation of Photodecomposition Products, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Lipid Peroxides
- Photoreaction, Phototoxicity, and Photocarcinogenicity of Retinoids
- Photodecomposition of Vitamin A and Photobiological Implications for the Skin†
Showing 5 of 12 shared publications
Wayne G. Wamer
Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (US)
12 shared publications
- Photodecomposition and Phototoxicity of Natural Retinoids
- UVA photoirradiation of retinyl palmitate—Formation of singlet oxygen and superoxide, and their role in induction of lipid peroxidation
- Response of mouse skin to tattooing: use of SKH-1 mice as a surrogate model for human tattooing
- Photodecomposition of Retinyl Palmitate in Ethanol by UVA LightFormation of Photodecomposition Products, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Lipid Peroxides
- Photoreaction, Phototoxicity, and Photocarcinogenicity of Retinoids
Showing 5 of 12 shared publications
Neera V. Gopee
National Center for Toxicological Research (US)
12 shared publications
- Lack of Significant Dermal Penetration of Titanium Dioxide from Sunscreen Formulations Containing Nano- and Submicron-Size TiO2 Particles
- Migration of Intradermally Injected Quantum Dots to Sentinel Organs in Mice
- Tattooing of skin results in transportation and light‐induced decomposition of tattoo pigments – a first quantification in vivo using a mouse model
- Quantitative Determination of Skin Penetration of PEG-Coated CdSe Quantum Dots in Dermabraded but not Intact SKH-1 Hairless Mouse Skin
- Photodecomposition of Pigment Yellow 74, a Pigment Used in Tattoo Inks¶
Showing 5 of 12 shared publications
Frederick A. Beland
National Center for Toxicological Research
10 shared publications
In database
- Occurrence, Efficacy, Metabolism, and Toxicity of Triclosan
- Reduction of the carcinogen 1-nitropyrene to 1-aminopyrene by rat intestinal bacteria
- The binding of N-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene to DNA and repair of the adducts in primary rat hepatocyte cultures
- 1-nitrosopyrene: An intermediate in the metabolic activation of 1-nitropyrene to a mutagen in Salmonella typhimurium TA1538
- Xanthine oxidase catalyzed binding of 1-nitropyrene to DNA
Showing 5 of 10 shared publications
Mary D. Boudreau
National Center for Toxicological Research
9 shared publications
In database
- Photodecomposition and Phototoxicity of Natural Retinoids
- UVA photoirradiation of retinyl palmitate—Formation of singlet oxygen and superoxide, and their role in induction of lipid peroxidation
- Photodecomposition of Vitamin A and Photobiological Implications for the Skin†
- Physiological Role of Retinyl Palmitate in the Skin
- Photoirradiation of Retinyl Palmitate in Ethanol with Ultraviolet Light - Formation of Photodecomposition Products, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Lipid Peroxides
Showing 5 of 9 shared publications
Qingsu Xia
National Center for Toxicological Research
9 shared publications
In database
- Photodecomposition and Phototoxicity of Natural Retinoids
- UVA photoirradiation of retinyl palmitate—Formation of singlet oxygen and superoxide, and their role in induction of lipid peroxidation
- Photodecomposition of Retinyl Palmitate in Ethanol by UVA LightFormation of Photodecomposition Products, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Lipid Peroxides
- Photodecomposition of Vitamin A and Photobiological Implications for the Skin†
- Physiological Role of Retinyl Palmitate in the Skin
Showing 5 of 9 shared publications
William H. Tolleson
National Center for Toxicological Research
9 shared publications
In database
- The Mycotoxin Fumonisin Induces Apoptosis in Cultured Human Cells and in Livers and Kidneys of Rats
- Photodecomposition and Phototoxicity of Natural Retinoids
- Renal Effects of Fumonisin Mycotoxins in Animals
- Fumonisin B1 induces apoptosis in cultured human keratinocytes through sphinganine accumulation and ceramide depletion.
- Identification of Ceramides in Human Cells Using Liquid Chromatography with detection by Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization-Mass Spectrometry
Showing 5 of 9 shared publications
Daniel R. Doerge
National Center for Toxicological Research
9 shared publications
In database
- Formation of N-(Carboxymethyl)fumonisin B1, Following the Reaction of Fumonisin B1 with Reducing Sugars
- Photodecomposition of Pigment Yellow 74, a Pigment Used in Tattoo Inks¶
- Identification of Ceramides in Human Cells Using Liquid Chromatography with detection by Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization-Mass Spectrometry
- DNA adduct formation by Fusarium culture extracts: lack of role of fusarin C
- Determination of fumonisins using on‐line liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray mass spectrometry
Showing 5 of 9 shared publications
Mona I. Churchwell
National Center for Toxicological Research
8 shared publications
In database
- NIEHS/FDA CLARITY-BPA research program update
- Formation of N-(Carboxymethyl)fumonisin B1, Following the Reaction of Fumonisin B1 with Reducing Sugars
- Photodecomposition of Pigment Yellow 74, a Pigment Used in Tattoo Inks¶
- Identification of Ceramides in Human Cells Using Liquid Chromatography with detection by Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization-Mass Spectrometry
- DNA adduct formation by Fusarium culture extracts: lack of role of fusarin C
Showing 5 of 8 shared publications
Alan R. Warbritton
National Center for Toxicological Research (US)
8 shared publications
- Fumonisin b1 carcinogenicity in a two-year feeding study using F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice.
- Migration of Intradermally Injected Quantum Dots to Sentinel Organs in Mice
- Response of mouse skin to tattooing: use of SKH-1 mice as a surrogate model for human tattooing
- Compensatory regeneration as a mechanism for renal tubule carcinogenesis of fumonisin B1 in the F344/N/Nctr BR rat.
- Carcinogenicity of Fumonisin B1 in a Two-year Bioassay with Fischer 344 Rats and B6C3F1 Mice
Showing 5 of 8 shared publications
Thomas J. Bucci
Associates in Neurology (US)
8 shared publications
- Fumonisin b1 carcinogenicity in a two-year feeding study using F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice.
- Carcinogenicity and mechanism of action of fumonisin B1: a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium moniliforme (=F. verticillioides)
- The Mycotoxin Fumonisin Induces Apoptosis in Cultured Human Cells and in Livers and Kidneys of Rats
- Renal Effects of Fumonisin Mycotoxins in Animals
- Compensatory regeneration as a mechanism for renal tubule carcinogenesis of fumonisin B1 in the F344/N/Nctr BR rat.
Showing 5 of 8 shared publications
Sherry M. Lewis
National Center for Toxicological Research
5 shared publications
In database
- NIEHS/FDA CLARITY-BPA research program update
- Toxicokinetic and Genotoxicity Study of NNK in Male Sprague Dawley Rats Following Nose-Only Inhalation Exposure, Intraperitoneal Injection, and Oral Gavage
- Pharmacokinetic analysis of nicotine and its metabolites (cotinine and trans-3′-hydroxycotinine) in male Sprague-Dawley rats following nose-only inhalation, oral gavage, and intravenous infusion of nicotine
- 14-Day Nose-Only Inhalation Toxicity and Haber’s Rule Study of NNK in Sprague-Dawley Rats
- 90-day nose-only inhalation toxicity study of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) in Sprague-Dawley rats
Matthew Bryant
National Center for Toxicological Research
5 shared publications
In database
- NIEHS/FDA CLARITY-BPA research program update
- Toxicokinetic and Genotoxicity Study of NNK in Male Sprague Dawley Rats Following Nose-Only Inhalation Exposure, Intraperitoneal Injection, and Oral Gavage
- Pharmacokinetic analysis of nicotine and its metabolites (cotinine and trans-3′-hydroxycotinine) in male Sprague-Dawley rats following nose-only inhalation, oral gavage, and intravenous infusion of nicotine
- 14-Day Nose-Only Inhalation Toxicity and Haber’s Rule Study of NNK in Sprague-Dawley Rats
- 90-day nose-only inhalation toxicity study of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) in Sprague-Dawley rats
Nigel J. Walker
National Institutes of Health (US)
5 shared publications
- The Safety and Regulation of Natural Products Used as Foods and Food Ingredients
- Migration of Intradermally Injected Quantum Dots to Sentinel Organs in Mice
- NIEHS/FDA CLARITY-BPA research program update
- Quantitative Determination of Skin Penetration of PEG-Coated CdSe Quantum Dots in Dermabraded but not Intact SKH-1 Hairless Mouse Skin
- A new approach to synergize academic and guideline-compliant research: The CLARITY-BPA research program
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